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Teräksen viisikulmio

Pentagon describes the five steel properties.

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1.   Hardness

Hardness is required in the rolling surfaces of rolling bearings to withstand a lifetime load. The tool made of hardened steel in punching tool inserts, withstands hundreds of thousands of impacts when punching. The hardened material withstands compressive loads.

2.   Softness

For example, ultra-strong steel materials require local softness to be bent and molded.

3.   Toughness

Structural steel can be bent, cut, pulled, compressed and twisted. The tough material does not break in the tensile test, as does the brittle material from even a slight elongation. The tough material is associated with constriction before it breaks and the strain curve follows Hooke's law.

4.   Brittleness

The brittle material does not withstand the tensile force, for example a concrete pillar. In buildings and columns, steel-stiffened concrete is an economical way to build a structure that receives high compressive loads. For a flexible structure without the removal of tensile stresses by means of prestressed cables, concrete is not suitable.

5.   Elasticity

The elastic structure is made of spring steel or it consists of other flexibility. In a coil spring, the cross section receives a torque from which the tension is determined as a simple calculation.

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